Introduction: On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a statement declaring Covid-19 a public health condition not only for China but also as a threat to world health. In the meantime, nurses have an important role to play in providing health care.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the relationship between thinking styles and five personality traits with self-efficacy in nurses of corona wards and nurses of other wards (non-corona) in two teaching hospitals in Khorramabad. 

Methods: The present research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included all nurses in Shahid Rahimi and Nomadic Martyrs hospitals in Khorramabad. Using relative stratified random sampling method, the sample size was 310 people with a probability of loss of 330 people and then 312 people with 160 nurses working in corona wards and 152 nurses working in non-corona wards who entered the study. Sternberg and Wagner standard thinking questionnaires, Costa and McCrae NEO-FFI questionnaires and sheerer self-efficacy questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software using Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis and t-test. 

Results: The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between all thinking styles and all five personality traits with self-efficacy in nurses of corona wards and nurses of other wards (non-corona). Also, from the variable of thinking styles, partial thinking style, anarchist and judicial and from the variable of five personality traits, all but acceptance, contributed to predicting the self-efficacy of nurses. Finally, the results showed that corona ward nurses and non-corona ward nurses were not significantly different in any of the variables. 

Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, it can be concluded that thinking styles and five personality traits have an effective role in nurses' self-efficacy.