Quarterly Journal of Nersing Management
فصلنامه مديريت پرستاري
مدیریت پرستاری
Medical Sciences
http://ijnv.ir
1
admin
2645-4785
2645-4793
8
10.29252/ijnv
14
8888
13
fa
jalali
1401
8
1
gregorian
2022
11
1
11
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
شناسایی ابعاد ،مولفه ها و شاخص های آموزش الکترونیک برای دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی شهرتهران: رویکردکیفی
The Identification of the Dimensions, Components and Indicators of Electronic Education for Medical Universities in Tehran: A Qualitative Approach
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">شیوع ویروس کرونا و بحران کنونی ایجادشده در دنیا بهویژه در کشور ایران، </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نظام سلامت و جامعه ایران را بهشدت تحتتأثیر خود قرار داده است. این بیماری به جز نظام سلامت، سایر عرصهها ازجمله نظام آموزش عالی در حوزه آموزش پزشکی را تحتتأثیر قرار داده است. در چنین شرایطی تغییر روش آموزش و تغییر نگرش نسبت به شیوههای قبلی آموزش ضروری به نظرمی رسد.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش کار:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی در سال ۱۴۰۰ انجام شد. نمونهگیری هدفمند و از نوع گلوله برفی بود. بهمنظور گردآوری دادهها از</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته با مشارکت ۲</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۶</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نفر از خبرگان آموزش</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پزشکی، آموزش پرستاری و مدیریت آموزشی</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">با </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تخصص و تجربه علمی<span style="color:black"> در حوزه آموزش الکترونیک استفاده شد. بهمنظور</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">ارزیابی صحت و استحکام دادهها از چهار معیار مقبولیت، قابلیت اطمینان، قابلیت انتقال و قابلیت تأیید گوبا و لینکلن استفاده شد. دادهها</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بر اساس روش گرانهیم و لاندمن مورد تجزیهوتحلیل قرار</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافتهها:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پس از انجام مصاحبه و جمعبندی نهایی و تأیید خبرگان، پنج بعد ۱-سیاستگذاری (شامل مؤلفههای ملی و بینالمللی)، ۲-زیرساختها (شامل مؤلفههای فن آوری، پشتیبانی، حقوقی و اخلاقی، آموزشپژوهی)، ۳-ساختار (شامل مؤلفههای </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مدیریت</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، طراحی، اجرا، ارزیابی)، ۴-آموزش (شامل آموزش بالینی، آموزش مداوم، آموزش سلامت)، ۵-منابع (شامل مؤلفههای مالی، انسانی، دانشی یا محتوا) و ۱</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">۶۲</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> شاخص شناسایی شد.</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></span></span> </b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتایج مطالعه حاضر که منتج به شناسایی ابعاد و مؤلفههای آموزش الکترونیک در دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی تهران شد میتواند مسیر حرکت به سمت اجرای طرح تحول</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نوآوری</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزش</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">علوم</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پزشکی مبتنی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بر</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">برنامه</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزش</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">عالی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">حوزه</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سلامت را تسهیل نماید و در جهت بهرهگیری هرچه بهتر از آموزش الکترونیک گامهای مؤثرتری برداشته شود.</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The outbreak of coronavirus and the current crisis in the world, especially in Iran, has severely affected the health system and society in Iran. The disease, apart from the health system, has affected other areas, including the higher education system in the field of medical education. In such circumstances, changing the methods of education, and changing the attitude towards previous methods of education seems necessary.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> This study was conducted with a qualitative approach in 2021. The study has used the purposive sampling method and the type of snowball. In order to data acquisition, semi-structured interviews were used, with the participation of 26 Medical Education, Nursing Education and Education Management experts with scientific expertise and experience in the field of Electronic Education. In order to evaluate the accuracy and robustness of the data, they were used four criteria of credibility, confirmability, transferability and dependability Guba and Lincoln validation. Data were analyzed using Granheim and Lundman method.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Findings:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> After the interview and the final conclusion and the approval of the experts, five dimensions: 1. Policy (including National and International components), 2-Infrastructure (including Technology, Support, Legal and Ethical, Education Research components), 3-Structure (including Management, Design, Implementation, Assessment components ), 4 - Training (including Clinical Education, Continuing Education, Health Education), 5- Resources (including Financial, Human, Knowledge or Content components) and 162 indicators were identified.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The results of the present study, which resulted in identifying the dimensions and components of e-learning in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, can facilitate the path towards the implementation of the transformation and innovation plan in medical education, based on the higher education program in the field of health and taking effective steps to make the most of e-learning.</span></span></span>
آموزش الکترونیک ,یادگیری الکترونیکی,آموزش مجازی,آموزش پزشکی, دانشگاه علوم پزشکی
Electronic Education, E-Learning, Virtual Education, Medical Education, University of Medical Sciences
76
88
http://ijnv.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1461-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
reza
Lashkarian
رضا
لشکریان
reza.lashkarian@gmail.com
0793470226
100319475328460011061
No
Islam Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اسلامشهر
Abbas
Khorshidi
عباس
خورشیدی
a_khorshidi40@yahoo.com
3962228098
100319475328460011062
Yes
Islam Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اسلامشهر
Nader
Barzegar
نادر
برزگر
barzegar.education@yahoo.com
2160892645
100319475328460011063
No
Islam Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اسلامشهر
Hamid
Moghaddasi
حمید
مقدسی
moghaddasi@sbmu.ac.ir
0044493142
100319475328460011064
No
School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی
Saeed
Moradi
سعید
مرادی
s_moradi73@yahoo.com
1531701401
100319475328460011065
No
Islam Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اسلامشهر