Introduction: In the nursing education system, multiple roles teaching,clinical ,research and service are expected from nursing teachers.Stress and felt difficulty tension in fulfilling of this various role obligations and expectations leading to role strain.

Aim: This study conducted for investigation of role strain and its related factors among nursing teachers of schools of nursing and midwifery in the country.

Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 302 nursing teachers in Schools of Nursing and Midwifery in the country in 2012.Survey populations Selected by clustered- Stratified sampling. Data collection scale was psychometrical version of the original Role Strain Scale as a self- report questionnaire. It’s had content and construct validity and internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.92% and test-retest reliability. Data were analyzed by description and variance analysis, t- test and Pearson correlation by SPSS18.

Results: The findings showed, the severity of role strain in most of nursing teachers (43%) was moderate to high level [3.48(0.23)] Among of the subscales, role overload and role incongruity score higher than the rest of subscales[3.28(0.72)] [3.20(0.76)]. The most, moderate and least of role strain related to items of” I feel that at the end of the working day I am emotionally depleted” “Receiving insufficient recognition for my teaching performance” and “I’m worried about not having enough clinical expertise”. Additionally, in this study there were significant relationship between role Strain and variables of age, sex, married status, and work experienced of the participants p<0.05.