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Factors associated with the leadership styles of hospital Head Nurses: A cross-sectional study in western Iran
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Fatemeh Ghofrani1   , Sakineh Sharifian2 , Keyvan Moradi * , Morteza Mohamad4 , Maryam Musanejad5 |
1- fateme.ghofrani@gmail.com
2- Sharifian.s@iums.ac.ir
Department of Nursing Management, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 93@gmail.com , keyvanmoradi93@gmail.com
4- Morteza0763@gmail.com
5- MusaNejad.Ma@iums.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (145 Views) |
Background: Leadership, as one of the fundamental pillars of management in the healthcare system, plays a decisive role in employee performance and satisfaction. The leadership style of nursing managers can affect the quality of care, motivation, teamwork, and organizational success. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating factors associated with the leadership style of Head Nurses in Kermanshah medical centers in 2024.
Method: This cross-sectional study with a descriptive-analytical approach included 111 Head Nurses working in Kermanshah medical centers who were enrolled in the study by census in 2024. Data collection tools included two questionnaires: a demographic questionnaire and Clark's (2002) standard leadership style questionnaire, which measured three leadership styles: autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire, using a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 and descriptive statistical tests, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA, with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results showed that the dominant leadership style among Head Nurses was democratic with an average score of 38.80, while the average scores for autocratic and laissez-faire styles were 35.28 and 34.34, respectively. The score for the democratic style was significantly higher in women than in men (p=0.003). The average score for the laissez-faire style showed a significant difference between different educational levels, being higher in Head Nurses with a master's degree than those with a doctorate (p=0.03). Participation in management training courses was associated with an increase in the scores of democratic and laissez-faire styles. Other demographic variables such as age, work experience, marital status, and department of service had no significant association with leadership styles.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the dominant leadership style among head nurses of Kermanshah health centers is the democratic style; a style that was more prominent among women and is consistent with the collaborative nature of the nursing profession. This can play a role in the pattern of team strengthening, improving communication, and improving the quality of medical care. The findings also indicate that some individual and organizational factors can influence the direction of leadership style. Among them, management training is prominent in participatory and suggestive leadership styles, and it suggests that by designing and implementing management training courses in an organized and targeted manner, the ground can be prepared for improving the leadership competencies of Head Nurses and improving the quality of management in healthcare settings.
In summary, paying attention to leadership skills, especially through management training based on the needs of real Head Nurses, can improve management performance and enhance the effectiveness of the health system.
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| Keywords: Leadership style, Head Nurses, Nursing |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/Dec/Mon | Accepted: 2026/May/Tue | Published: 2025/Jul/Tue
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